Carbon capture, utilization, and storage outcomes encompass a range of environmental and economic impacts. For example, successful implementation can lead to a substantial reduction in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. This can include direct air capture, capturing emissions from industrial sources like power plants and cement factories, and utilizing captured carbon in products ranging from building materials to fuels.
The potential to mitigate climate change is a primary driver of investment and research in this area. Historically, carbon capture has been utilized for enhanced oil recovery, but its role in addressing climate change has become increasingly significant. Achieving large-scale deployment offers the potential to decarbonize hard-to-abate industrial sectors and contribute to net-zero emission goals. Furthermore, creating valuable products from captured carbon can contribute to a circular carbon economy. However, challenges remain, including the energy intensity of the capture process and the development of cost-effective storage solutions.